FAFSA SAI Calculator 2027-28

The SAI replaced the Expected Family Contribution (EFC) starting with the 2024-25 award year under the FAFSA Simplification Act. Unlike the EFC, the SAI can go as low as -$1,500 (a negative number that signals maximum financial need), it no longer divides parent contribution by the number of family members in college, and it drops the old state-tax-allowance table entirely — only actual U.S. income tax paid is counted.

The 2027-28 FAFSA uses 2025 income and tax information (the "prior-prior year"), and the 2025 HHS poverty guidelines for the Max/Min Pell poverty-line pathways — even though the award year itself runs 2027-28. This calculator applies the same 2025-based tables.

The calculator opens on the 2027-28 award year, the FAFSA form now open on StudentAid.gov, and you can switch to 2026-27 with the award-year selector. The 2027-28 Income Protection Allowance, business/farm net worth adjustment, Asset Protection Allowance, and Adjusted Available Income assessment schedule are all published (Federal Register 91 FR 32959, June 2, 2026). The Department of Education has not yet published the 2027-28 Federal Pell Grant maximum and minimum award amounts (expected in a Dear Colleague Letter around Jan-Feb 2027, following GEN-26-01's Jan. 30, 2026 publication date for 2026-27). The figures shown for 2027-28 carry forward the last published amounts ($7,395 maximum / $740 minimum, from GEN-26-01) as a placeholder — they are not a new, confirmed 2027-28 amount.

The Department of Education has not yet announced the 2027-28 maximum and minimum Pell Grant, so this calculator uses the last published amounts ($7,395 maximum, $740 minimum, from 2026-27) as a placeholder. The 2026-27 maximum Pell Grant ($7,395) is fixed under continuing appropriations (Pub. L. 119-37) through Sept. 30, 2026. GEN-26-01 explicitly warns this amount is contingent on Congress extending that funding, and that revised amounts would be published in a superseding Dear Colleague Letter if Congress modifies it.

A negative SAI signals the family's calculated resources fall below the allowances built into the formula — the more negative, the greater the demonstrated need. The SAI is floored at -$1,500: even a family with $0 available income and no assets cannot produce an SAI below that floor. An SAI of -$1,500 does not by itself guarantee the Maximum Pell Grant — that also depends on the separate poverty-guideline pathways described below.

No. The pre-2021 formula divided the parent contribution by the number of household members enrolled in college at least half-time, so having two siblings in college simultaneously lowered each student’s EFC. The FAFSA Simplification Act eliminated that divisor entirely — the 2027-28 Income Protection Allowance (Table A2/C2/C3) keys only on family size, not on how many members are in college.

The APA — an age-based shelter that used to exempt a slice of parent or student net worth from assessment — is a flat $0 for every age and marital status in 2027-28, for both parents and independent students. It has been near-zero or zero for several award years running; this calculator treats it as $0 but re-derives it from central config each year in case it becomes nonzero again.

Under the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (Pub. L. 119-21), an applicant whose SAI is at or above $14,790 — exactly 2× the maximum Pell Grant — is statutorily barred from receiving any Pell Grant for 2027-28, regardless of how the SAI-calculated award formula would otherwise work out. A narrow Special Rule carve-out exists for dependents of certain deceased servicemembers and Public Safety Officers, which this calculator does not model.

Formula A converts parents' discretionary net worth into an available-income equivalent at 12%, but a dependent student's own assets convert at 20% — the policy assumption is that parents need to preserve more of their savings for long-term goals (retirement, home equity is already excluded), while a student's assets are considered more directly available for near-term education costs. Independent students with dependents (Formula C) instead use a lower 7% rate, treating them more like the parent role in Formula A.

The portion of a Pell Grant used for qualified tuition and required fees is generally tax-free. Any portion used for room, board, travel, or other nonqualified expenses is taxable income to the student and must be reported, even though no W-2 or 1099 is issued for it.

Once your SAI is below the Maximum Pell − Minimum Pell gap, your award is calculated as Maximum Pell ($7,395) minus your SAI, rounded to the nearest $5. If a Max/Min Pell poverty-guideline pathway applies (based on your family's income relative to the federal poverty guideline for your state and family size), you can qualify for the Maximum or Minimum award regardless of what the SAI formula alone would produce.